Marketing and Moderate - 4936 Words

Chapter 2 Company and Marketing Strategy: Partnering to Build Customer Relationships Multiple Choice 1. Disney has been successful in selecting an overall company strategy for long-run survival and growth called _____. a. tactical planning b. strategic planning c. futuristic planning d. relationship marketing (b; Easy; pp. 39-40) 2. When your firm practices developing and maintaining a strategic fit between your organization’s goals and capabilities, it is forming a (an) _____. a. mission statement b. values statement c. strategic plan d. operating plan (c; Moderate; p. 41) 3. At the corporate level, a company starts the strategic planning process by defining its overall purpose†¦show more content†¦46) 18. The firm you work for has decided to use the Boston Consulting Group’s approach to classify its business units. Upon what is the approach based? a. most profitable units b. growth-share matrix c. customer retention d. cost-benefits (b; Easy; p. 47) 19. The BCG market growth rate provides a measure of _____. a. company strength in the market b. decline of competitors c. market attractiveness d. the unit stock value (c; Easy; p. 47) 20. The BCG relative market share serves as a measure of company _____. a. strength in the market b. sales c. diversification d. success (a; Easy; p. 47) 21. Now that your employer has classified his SBUs, the next step to take in using the BCG approach is to determine _____. a. what role each will play in the future. b. the tactical plan c. the three-year budget d. none of the above (a; Challenging: p. 47) 22. Which of these is not one of the common options in using the BCG approach? a. build b. hold c. harvest d. diversify (d; Moderate; p. 47) 23. A problem with using the BDG matrix centers around the fact that it is _____ oriented instead of _____ oriented. a. future; now b. now; future c. financially; customer d. now; market (b; Challenging; p. 47) 24. According to your text, some companies are using all of the following in their strategic planning except one.Show MoreRelatedMarketing and Easy Ref994 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Chapter 1—Introduction to Global Marketing TRUE/FALSE 1. When practicing international marketing, a company becomes more involved in local marketing environments than it does in export marketing. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 7 NAT: Analytic 2. Regional and political integration favor a pan-regional marketing strategy. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 7-8 NAT: Analytic | Diversity 3. The formation of NAFTA encourages more multinational companies to adopt multidomestic strategiesRead More3m Corporation Essay969 Words   |  4 Pagesshopping for customers EVALUATION OF MAJOR ALTERNATIVES | Supply Chain | Customer Value | Way of Sales | Time | High | Moderate | High | Cost | High | Moderate | High | Risk | Low | Low | Moderate | Employee Turnover | Low | Low | Moderate | Change in Corporate Culture | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Company’s Ability to adapt | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Ranking | 2nd | 1st | 3rd | (Even though rankings are used, they all are believed to be vital in terms of growing withRead MoreStarbucks : What Key Driving Forces Coffee Shop Retailers?1352 Words   |  6 Pagesshould concentrate. Those forces are: increasing globalization, marketing innovation, changes in cost and efficiency and changing societal concerns, attitude and lifestyles. 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Linus Torvalds createdRead MoreParamount Must Develop A Marketing Strategy1034 Words   |  5 PagesProblem Statement: Paramount must develop a marketing strategy to decide on positioning their new product â€Å"Clean Edge† in niche or the mainstream market and avoid cannibalization of their own line of products. 2. Situation Analysis: Company †¢ Global company with worldwide sales of $13 billion and $7 billion gross profits for 2009. †¢ Entered the market of non-disposable razors in 1962 and quickly became a respected brand. †¢ Paramount currently offers two lines of non-disposable razors andRead MoreRazor Edge Case1322 Words   |  6 Pagesapproximate same time and will be competing to gain the market share in this area. Since it is a new product initial marketing will be crucial as far as who will have a steeper sales curve. Accelerated sales in the beginning of the product launch will be critical to determine profit and market share. As far as Paramount’s more traditional product which competes in the value and and moderate segment the competition is remaining steady between Paramount and Vitric. Paramount has had the edge in this areaRead MoreTanglewood Case 41587 Words   |  7 Pagesproposed hiring tools have varying degrees of practical and statistical significance as described below: †¢ Retail Knowledge Exam measures basic knowledge of marketing principles and factors responsible for Tanglewood’s competitive advantage. The exam was developed in-house and is this low-cost. There is a statistically significant moderate correlation between success on this test and promotion potential. †¢ Biodata exams are questions for significant life experiences that are potentially associatedRead MoreAnalysis Of Instagram s Business Model1285 Words   |  6 Pageseconomics in order to derive five forces that determine the competitive intensity and therefore, the attractiveness of the industry. Porter’s Five Forces Intensity Supplier Power Low Threat of New Entrance Moderate to High Threat of Substitutes High Current Competitors High Buyer Power Moderate to High †¢ Supplier Power: Providers of storage, software, technology, data center and office equipment, servers etc. are suppliers for Instagram.   Their bargaining power is evaluated to be low as InstagramRead MoreCase Study: Fisher-Price Toys, Inc.1050 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness dilemma: a rash marketing decision has to be made on carrying out whether a new quality product (product name: ATV Explorer) at exceptional high price or a new less-quality product at moderate price 2. Business dilemma 1) Key problem: (1) price-point: Cost for a projected toy cant be made within budget, resulting in a much higher price ($18.5) than planned. High price disobeys the traditional brand image of the Fisher-Price company –less-than-$5 convention. (2) 2) Marketing strategy: launch theRead MoreThe Smell Based Alarm Clock855 Words   |  4 Pagesinsufficient in waking up a person. According to Malicdem (2016), sensorwake makes use of a reusable scent capsule that lasts for 30 awakenings, which lasts for roughly a month. There has been moderate economic growth in the Australian market. Statistics for the year 2014 indicate that there was a moderate increase in the pace of consumer spending (RBA, 2015). There has also been a decline in unemployment rates to 5.75%. There has also been a decline in the number of employees anticipating to lose

Analysis Of Eagle Rock Jr. / Sr. High School - 862 Words

The traditional public school that I chose and that I am observing is called Eagle Rock Jr./ Sr. High School. This public school is the only one with a 7-12 grade configuration with comprehensive junior and senior high school. They offer the magnet program for gifted students in grades 7-12. Moreover, they offer a fully authorized IB middle school year Programme to students from 7-10, and the IB Diploma Programme for students in grades 11-12. This school was established in 1927 and the campus is around 40 acres. This campus includes the current main building, gymnasium facilities, auditorium, tennis courts, and a swimming pool. Eagle Rock High School ranks number 15 in LA county, number 43 in CA, and number 343 in the nation. From the last data recorded in 2011-2012, the total student population consists of 8 percent of Asia students, 21 percent Filipino, 0.2 percent Pacific Islander, 2 percent African American, 58 percent Hispanic, 10 percent White, and 1.0 American Indian/ Alaska n. There are approximately 2, 391 enrolled in this school year from which 34 percent are gifted or talented, 11 percent students with disabilities, 6 percent English learners, and 25 percent are reclassified fluent in English proficient. According to the US News and World Report, about 65 percent of the students are considered to be economically disadvantaged. From these students, 51 percent were eligible for the free lunch program and with a household income of $29,995 for a family of four. TheShow MoreRelatedImpact of Promotional Strategies on Consumer Buying Behaviors: a Case of Hollister Co18263 Words   |  74 Pages.................................................................. 20 3.7 Time Horizon: ............................................................................................................................. 21 3.8 Data Collection and Data Analysis: ............................................................................................ 22 3.9 Ethical Con sideration: ................................................................................................................. 22 3.10Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesfollowing classification of cases by subject matter to be helpful. I thank those of you who made this and other suggestions. Classification of Cases by Major Marketing Topics Topics Most Relevant Cases Marketing Research and Consumer Analysis Coca-Cola, Disney, McDonald’s, Google, Starbucks Product Starbucks, Nike, Coke/Pepsi, McDonald’s, Maytag, Dell, Hewlett-Packard, Newell Rubbermaid, DaimlerChrysler, Kmart/Sears, Harley-Davidson, Boeing/Airbus, Merck, Boston Beer, Firestone/FordRead MoreCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 PagesCase Studies C-1 INTRODUCTION Preparing an effective case analysis C-3 CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3 CASE 4 CASE 5 CASE 6 CASE 7 ABB in China, 1998 C-16 Ansett Airlines and Air New Zealand: A flight to oblivion? C-31 BP–Mobil and the restructuring of the oil refining industry C-44 Compaq in crisis C-67 Gillette and the men’s wet-shaving market C-76 Incat Tasmania’s race for international success: Blue Riband strategies C-95 Kiwi Travel International Airlines Ltd C-105 CASE 8 Beefing up the beeflessRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagessituations, but keep in mind that the larger case studies, such as Convin Corporation and The Blue Spider Project, could have been listed under several topics. Several of the cases and situations have seed questions provided to assist the reader in the analysis of the case. An instructor s manual is available from John Wiley Sons, Inc., to faculty members who adopt the book for classroom use. Almost all of the case studies are factual. In most circumstances, the cases and situations have been taken from

Why I’M Proud to Be an American Free Essays

Why I Am Proud To Be An American I have been an American citizen for over thirteen years. I am an American citizen because I grew up in America and have lived in it for my entire life. I am technically part Russian because my Great Grandparents came to America from Russia. We will write a custom essay sample on Why I’M Proud to Be an American or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, generations after that have lived in America. I am thankful to be an American because if freedom of religion. The people who first came to America came looking for that, because back then there was none. I am a Christian who serves the one and only God. I can go to church every Sunday knowing that I can praise God without hiding my religion. There aren’t many nations who have freedom of religion. Some have only Catholic, Muslim, and so on as religions. I am grateful to be living in America because, we have a free enterprise system. In the beginning, when the English ruled most of the colonies, there was no free enterprise system. Some people still gets lazy, but they have consequences to deal with. If you don’t work, you don’t eat. It is sad that many people get lazy, and they are thrown out of their homes. Nevertheless there are also the people who do work very hard to provide food and shelter for themselves and their family. Another reason I am appreciated to be an American is for freedom of speech. Without freedom of speech we would not have a lot of the stuff we have today. People are able to speak freely of their judgments and not be afraid to. Many presidents, governors, and other people instigate a lot of ideas and plans from speaking their mind. There are so many more reasons why I love being an American. There is a lot of freedom that other countries do not have. Though I can argue with some things that the laws enforced, but there is a lot of other things I can love about this country. How to cite Why I’M Proud to Be an American, Essay examples

Essay Watching Video Food, Inc. Essay Example For Students

Essay Watching Video Food, Inc. Essay I chose to watch video Food, Inc. I wanted to learn more about the foods we eat every day and how they are processed. During the video I watched and learned that animals are put into harsh conditions that redesign the way that they grow. They are given all types of drugs and steroids to make them grow quicker than they actually should. Chickens about 50 years ago would developed over 70 days but now they are forced to grow within 48 days because of high demand. The producers of Food, Inc. asked dozens of farmers about going inside the farm and slaughter houses to see how the process goes and they all declined. Only one farmer by the name of Carole Morison allowed them in because she was tired of the way she was forced to treat her chickens. The houses were disgusting, they had to live in their own species and were all together. With the animals all together in unsanitary living space it is a high chance diseases will spread. The animals living the way they do, our food is not really safe. Sick or not they are still sent to processing and cut, chopped, and delivered to our local grocery stores. These big meat packing companies Tyson, Perdue, etc. have one ultimate goal which is to produce a lot of food on a small amount of land at a very affordable price. Companies make millions and feed us infected food while the animals suffer and the farmers end up in debt. Question #2Producing a greater amount of food and feeding more people does not outweigh the problems we have within our food system. Our food system needs to begin with the way the animals and workers are treated. The workers are put into dirty factories with dirty animals that could be possibly carrying a disease. Our food system is all about supply and demand . .y risk being arrested. The companies are making billions of dollars while poor innocent people who came to work are going to jail. When a worker gets arrested it’s always easy to fill their spots with more people because someone always needs a job. Question #3 In my opinion, there are many proposals I would recommend in regards to the issues raised in Food, Inc. I propose that we start with the conditions of the farms. The farm animals should not be ankle deep in their own species. They should be in a nice clean environment for sanitary reasons. For an example, when the workers go to cut the animals for their meat, their species flies all over the place. Workers get covered in spices, our food is then infected with species. I think if we treated our animals better and put the change of our food having E.coli, and other diseases could be somewhat prevented.

10 Fun Facts About Carnegie Mellon University

It’s no secret that Carnegie Mellon University is known for it’s top notch science and engineering programs, but here are the fun facts people don’t talk about. Let’s get weird!1. Like Northwestern’s rock and Tufts’ cannon, Carnegie Mellon also boasts a commonly painted object in the middle of campus: the Fence. Except cooler. Why? Because the original wooden fence, before it’s collapse in 1993, was considered the â€Å"world’s most painted object† by the Guinness Book of World Records. Don’t worry, the fence was rebuilt with concrete and reinforced steel. It’ll be there for a while. 2. Buggy is an annual race where student organizations build an aerodynamic, cylindrical three or four-wheeled cart (the â€Å"buggy†) and push it through a one-mile course through campus. To win, teams need to pull together the smartest mechanical engineers, designers, and athletes to partake in this competitive sport. The craziest part? There is a ÃŒ ¶lÃŒ ¶uÃŒ ¶nÃŒ ¶aÃŒ ¶tÃŒ ¶iÃŒ ¶cÃŒ ¶ driver inside the buggy which can reach peak speeds of 40mph. 3. There is a large network of underground steam tunnels that connect to all the buildings on campus. This would come in incredibly handy during the ungodly snow storms, but only a few student groups know where the discreet entrances are - and fewer know how to navigate the tunnels. Sorry no pictures for this one. Not a surprise though, since nobody wants evidence of ever being down there:4. The famous prison break scene in the Dark Knight Rises was filmed outside The Mellon Institute, a key research building of the Chemistry department. Many students who took summer programs would casually see the batmobile stroll down Forbes Avenue, a main street on campus. 5. Earlier this year, Carnegie Mellon University mistakenly sent acceptance letters to 800 rejected students for their renowned Computer Science program. Isn’t that ironic? 6. Booth is another annual tradition where student organizations build 10† by 10† booths to raise money for a local charity. From designing the interiors and exteriors, to actually constructing the wooden foundation, creating structures and painting the models, students on average will pour hundreds of hours a week into building the best looking booth! 7. Mathematical genius John Forbes Nash, the man in which A Beautiful Mind is based on, was a 1948 graduate of Carnegie Mellon (then called the Carnegie Institute of Technology) and initially majored in Chemical Engineering! 8. Not familiar with the maths field? Then you must know Andy Warhol - who coincidentally attended Carnegie Mellon the same time as Nash. Warhol honed in on his artistic inquisitiveness as a commercial art major at Carnegie, before moving to New York to pursue his art career. 9. Not a fan of Pop Art? Then you must know about Carnegie Mellon alum Aron Ralston, who is famous for hiking through the Blue John Canyon in Utah, when a boulder became dislodged and crushed his right hand against a canyon wall. He was stuck there for almost a week and finally survived after a self-performed amputation of his forearm. Yes, this is the James Franco film. 10. If you’re not impressed by the previous three alumni, then surely you know Gabriel Macht - or more commonly known as Harvey Specter from Suits. He graduated with a degree in Fine Arts in 1994, and is rumored to be quite the frat star amongst his Delta Upsilon brothers. Whether you’re just starting your search or you’re looking for help applying, it’s never too early to make the college application process easier.Searchto find students like you orcontact a mentorfor help with the admissions process so you can narrow down your choices and get a head start.

Free Essays on Catcher in the Rye

"She was ostracizing the hell out of me," Holden says. "Just like the fencing team at Pencey when I left all the goddam foils on the subway." This reference brings you back to the very beginning of the story, the fifth paragraph of the novel, when he talked about the fencing foils. Maybe it's an indication that Holden has come full circle, that he hasn't accomplished anything, that he's right back where he started. There's another full-circle reference later in this chapter, when Holden says he's going to visit a former teacher of his. Its likely that Salinger is trying to direct our attention to the beginning of the story. Phoebe talks to Holden "like a goddam schoolteacher," and he responds as he might to an older person, in a petulant and whining manner. When she asks him why he's being expelled again, he tries to explain what a terrible place Pencey is. The trouble is, his description could fit any school, or almost any group situation that any of us will ever be in. Holden may think he's complaining about Pencey; in fact, he's complaining about the world. Phoebe really becomes the adult character when she presses him to name something he really likes. She won't accept either of the answers he gives, and she presses the issue by asking him what he wants to be. Holden's response contains the source of the book's title. He wants to be the catcher in the rye because he wants to prevent small children from getting hurt.... Free Essays on Catcher in the Rye Free Essays on Catcher in the Rye Catcher in the Rye The American Dream for family will greatly vary between people, as it should. Throughout the novel you can see how Holden’s attitude and relationship vary greatly between family members. This book takes you to every side of the spectrum from friends to enemies. This would not be my typical family dream but to Holden it was, this was all he knew. Holden sees phoniness in the family as he does in society and he flees back toward the innocence of childhood rather than face this reality. In the Catcher in the Rye Holden and His "Phony" Family the protagonist, Holden Caulfield, interacts with many people throughout J.D. Salinger’s novel The Catcher in the Rye, but probably none have as much impact on him as certain members of his immediate family. The ways Holden acts around or reacts to the various members of his family give the reader a direct view of Holden’s philosophy surrounding each member. How do Holden’s different opinions of his family compare and do his views constitute enough merit to be deemed truth? Holden makes reference to the word "phony" forty-four separate times throughout the novel (Corbett 68-73). Each time he seems to be referring to the subject of this metaphor as someone who discriminates against others, is a hypocrite about something, or has manifestations of conformity (Corbett 71). Throughout The Catcher in the Rye, Holden describes and interacts with various members of his family. The way he talks about or to each gives you some idea of whether he thinks they are "phony" or normal. A few of his accounts make it more obvious than others to discover how he classifies each family member. From the very first page of the novel, Holden begins to refer to his parents as distant and generalizes both his father and mother frequently throughout his chronicle. One example is: "†¦my parents would have about two hemorrhages apiece if I told anything personal about them. They’re quite touchy a... Free Essays on Catcher In The Rye Holden Caulfield narrates The Catcher in the Rye in the first person, describing what he himself sees and experiences, providing his own commentary on the people and events he describes. This was a very effective choice for the telling of the story made by the author, J.D Salinger. Holden Caulfield’s tone varied between disgust, cynicism, bitterness and an immature childish tone, which brought color to the story and contributed to the better understanding of Holden Caulfield himself. Throughout the story many key concepts move the story along. â€Å"Phoniness,† which is probably the most famous phrase from The Catcher in the Rye, is one of Holden’s favorite concepts. Holden expends so much energy searching for phoniness in others, that he never directly observes his own phoniness. For example, on the train to New York he lies to Mrs. Morrow as a prank telling her, that her son Ernest is a model student and is popular, when really Holden hates Ernest. Telling the story in first person benefits the reader by giving an inside look into Holden’s strong emotions that help move the book along. For example, loneliness and longing for an intimate â€Å"adult† relationship was a driving force throughout the story. Most of the novel describes his almost manic quest for companionship as he flits from one meaningless encounter to another. Whenever he would get himself into a situation where he would try ending his loneliness, like the encounter with Sunny, the reader would think Holden mature, but then he would sabotage himself, backing out of the situation with an excuse, showing that immature childish tone. Holden’s narration of the story brought feelings, emotions and experiences only Holden could have described. Holden as the narrator made the story simple to follow and also made let the reader really connect with this hypocritical boy who wasn’t ready to grow up.... Free Essays on Catcher In The Rye Catcher in the Rye Essay Holden’s speech is often sarcastic, negative and dismissive to most people he encounters. Occasionally, we see glimpses of sensitivity, gentleness and compassion in his thoughts and observation of the few people he cares about. The way he speaks gives us a clear insight into his character as we see both anger and contempt, but also his extreme vulnerability and sense of sadness and aloneness. Salinger’s use of Holden’s voice gives us a vivid and immediate sense of who Holden is. We feel as though we are in his head. Throughout this book, Holden is constantly putting others down whether it be in his head or out loud. The way he speaks shows the reader that he doesn’t really want to be telling this story. In the first sentence of the book, he starts out by saying â€Å" f you really want to hear about it, the first thing you’ll probably want to know is where I was born, and what my lousy childhood was like, and how my parents were occupied and all before they had me, and all that a David Copperfield kind of crap, but I don’t feel like going into it, if you want to know the truth.† This passage shows that he feels as if he is being forced to tell the story. His negativity is the first thing you notice about this character when you first start reading this book. On page 42, when he’s fighting with Stradlater, he says, â€Å"I didn’t even answer him. God, how I hated him.† This passage shows that he almost never has anything nice to say to peop le. Another thing that Holden is constantly doing throughout the book is lying. On page 54, when he is talking to the mother on the subway he says,† ‘Rudolf Schmidt,’ I told her. I didn’t feel like giving her my whole life history. Rudolf Schmidt was the name of the janitor of our dorm.† This passage shows that Holden lies for no reason what so ever. Although most of what comes out of Holden’s mouth is negative, ther... Free Essays on Catcher In The Rye Devotion to the Protection of innocence Innocence, Compassion, and some ‘Crazy’ Cliff A novel, which has gained literary recognition worldwide, scrutiny to the point of censorship and has established a following among adolescents, The Catcher in the Rye is in its entirety a unique connotation of the preservation of innocence and the pursuit of compassion. With certain elegance the writer J.D. Salinger, substantiates the growth and perils, which lie between childhood and adulthood. Embellishing the separation between innocence and squalor in the grasps of society. The bridge that lies between these contrasting themes are personified through the novel’s protagonist, Holden Caulfield and his visualization of a cliff, which depicts a dividing point between the evident beginning and end. The connection, which binds this gap in reality, was made clear through a new found compassion, consummating Holden’s place in society through the realization of his surroundings from which he successfully crosses ov er. Focusing on the rebellious and confused truth of adolescents stuck between the innocence of childhood and the crookedness of the adult world, this novel strikes a cord, which most adolescents can relate. The essence of the story The Catcher in the Rye follows the forty-eight hour experience of sixteen-year-old Holden Caulfield, told through first person narration. After his expulsion from Pency, a fashionable prep school, the latest in a long line of expulsions, Holden has a few confrontations with his fellow students and leaves shortly after to return to his hometown, New York City. In the heart of New York City, Holden spends the following two days hiding out to rest before confronting his parents with the news. During his adventures in the city he tries to renew some old acquaintances, find his significance in the adult world, and come to grips with the head-aches he has been having lately. Eventually, Holden sneaks home to visit... Free Essays on Catcher in the Rye "She was ostracizing the hell out of me," Holden says. "Just like the fencing team at Pencey when I left all the goddam foils on the subway." This reference brings you back to the very beginning of the story, the fifth paragraph of the novel, when he talked about the fencing foils. Maybe it's an indication that Holden has come full circle, that he hasn't accomplished anything, that he's right back where he started. There's another full-circle reference later in this chapter, when Holden says he's going to visit a former teacher of his. Its likely that Salinger is trying to direct our attention to the beginning of the story. Phoebe talks to Holden "like a goddam schoolteacher," and he responds as he might to an older person, in a petulant and whining manner. When she asks him why he's being expelled again, he tries to explain what a terrible place Pencey is. The trouble is, his description could fit any school, or almost any group situation that any of us will ever be in. Holden may think he's complaining about Pencey; in fact, he's complaining about the world. Phoebe really becomes the adult character when she presses him to name something he really likes. She won't accept either of the answers he gives, and she presses the issue by asking him what he wants to be. Holden's response contains the source of the book's title. He wants to be the catcher in the rye because he wants to prevent small children from getting hurt.... Free Essays on Catcher in the Rye Catcher In The Rye Holden Caulfield is teen angst bull-crap with a pickax. He's sarcastic, nasty, and completely unlikeable. He also doesn't give a crap. He is every teenager caught between the crapy little games of high school ("you're supposed to kill yourself if the football team loses or something") and the fear of adulthood ("going to get an office job and make a lot of money like the rest of the phonies"). The greatness in Holden Caulfield is that what he has to say is better than a million Celestine Prophecies or anything said by Jonathan Livingston Seagull (save for the squawks after you shoot him) or Jesus (save for the apocryphal "hey Peter I can see your house from here"). Holden Caulfield says that life sucks, everyone is a phony, and you'll be inevitably disappointed by everyone that you hold in awe. If you think that this sounds awful, ask yourself one question. When was the last time you found any joy in watching Barney or the Care Bears? It isn't just what he says but the way he says it. He goes through life making dead-on observations that completely shoot the kneecaps out from under the terminally self-righteous. When a successful mortician tells the school to follow his example and pray when things go bad, it is Holden Caulfield who points out that the guy is praying for more people to die. He's depressed by nuns and annoyed by shallow girlfriends, while in love with his platonic friend. Even more interesting is the fact that Caulfield's general pissed off attitude and his hormones are inextricably linked. He practically wants to kill his roommate, Stradlatter, because Stradlatter might have screwed a girl he desires. He guiltily admits to making out with phonies, and in a major confession he confesses to being a virgin. He gets the crap beat out of him by a disgruntled pimp after deciding that he doesn't want a to have sex with a prostitute for the silliest of reasons.(he ju...

Procurement and supply chain management Assignment

Procurement and supply chain management - Assignment Example 23). In the company I work for, we use the supplier selection criteria, which will be explained in the next section. It has been present since the start of the company no matter the new trends that have been emerging of late. This supplier selection is a significant section in our supply chain management. Risk management of any supply chain is an overly complicated subject. Understanding how it works will be very significant to identifying a range of risks that are in the current system and making the necessary recommendations on which of these issues are a priority and how they can be reduced (Giannakisa & Louisb 2011, p. 23). This paper will provide a review of the supplier selection process and make recommendations on how it can be improved. It will use the risk analysis and management framework to identify the risks in the process and make recommendations on how the issues found there can be reduced. The paper will also recommend how to select sustainable suppliers whatever the m eans. Our supplier selection process involves nine elements considered very crucial to the organisation. The elements include (1) specific process capabilities, (2) tough safety procedure, (3) competitive pricing, (4) constant quality improvement, (5) financially stable organisation, (6) stability, (7) culture, (8) alliance experience, (9) strong references. Just a brief explanation of these steps. The company looks at the specific strengths that will ease the process of supplying the goods. This is whether they have the needed infrastructure to supply the goods efficiently such as the right trucks among others. The tough safety procedure includes whether the safety of the workers are guaranteed and whether the goods will reach the business unharmed. Competitive pricing discriminates the supplier in terms of price, who is cheaper and reliable

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Art - Essay Example He was also heavily influenced by the Post-Impressionists Gauguin and Van Gogh. Picasso was a Spanish artist known as the founder of Cubism. Unlike Matisse, Picasso’s paintings of women are grotesquely distorted. He portrays the woman with darkness and vulgarity. In the early years of the twentieth century, Picasso embarked on a series of paintings using blue palette and melancholy themes. After his Blue Period, came his Rose Period which emphasized a warmer palette and more cheerful themes. Picasso’s works were influenced by Matisse’s works especially with his still life paintings. However, Picasso focused more on form and innovation while Matisse focused more on color and was less abstract. Picasso uses form with symmetry at different angels, geometrics and inspiration from household tools. On the other hand, Matisse always preferred bright colors even in his landscapes. His colors changes from light to dark but its mixtures make it even more creative. Matisse does not have much attention to detail but he adheres to reality unlike Picasso who would usually distort the images of his subjects. The art works of both artists were influenced by each other, more so when they developed a friendly rivalry. One of the more famous works of Picasso is the â€Å"Les Demoiselles d’Avignon† which is an example of his neo-cubism, modernism, and impressionism. This painting shows women who are immensely distorted. Geometric shapes are used instead of curves to portray the bodies of the women. The painting uses dark colors such as brown, black and blue which makes the theme gloomy. Matisse’s â€Å"Joy of Life† on the other hand depicts women more naturally by showing the right curves and proportions. The mood of Matisse’s painting is livelier because of the colors that he used specifically, red, green and yellow. Although both paintings show a group of women, one can clearly see the difference in how they are portrayed b y both artists. Matisse’s â€Å"Joy of Life†, 1905-1906 vs. Picasso’s â€Å"Les Demoiselles d’Avignon†, 1907 Picasso’s â€Å"Vase, bowl & lemon†, 1907 vs. Matisse’s â€Å"Blue Pot and Lemon† , 1897 The paintings above are examples of still life paintings of Picasso and Matisse. Unlike other Matisse’s paintings, the colors are quite dull. In contrast, Picasso’s emphasizes the shapes of the objects by using black outlines on the figures. His colors are darker as compared to those of Matisse’s. In Matisse’s painting, the objects seem to blend with its background because of its complimentary colors while in Picasso’s painting, the dark blue and gray background shows a sharp contrast between the colors of the lemon and the vase. Picasso’s â€Å"Acrobat† 1930 vs. Matisse’s â€Å"Acrobats† 1952 The above paintings of both Picasso and Matisse show clearly how they in fluenced each other. The paintings show the different interpretations of the two artists on one subject. Again, we can see Matisse’s love for colors by painting the human body blue in a beige background. On the other hand, Picasso simply used black and white. The two paintings though, both show a distortion of the human body. Works Cited Carver, Reg. Matisse or Picasso. 11 February 2011. Web. 3 May 2011. http://www.findmyowncurrent.com/2011/02/11/matisse-or-picasso/ Edward and Betty Marcus Foundation. Matisse & Picasso. 2001. Web. 3 May 2011

History of Commercial Aviation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of Commercial Aviation - Research Paper Example Passengers could easily book their flights over the telephone. Commuter airlines started as Broome County Aviation Inc. from the start of this airline in 1957 to the end in 1984; this airline was run by the Winston family. This airline carries people over short distances and run on a regular schedule. These short distances may be between Boston and New York. By 1917, the United States government felt that a significant progress had been done in developing planes and warranted a new idea. This new idea was transporting mail by air. During that year, Congress took $100,000 for an experimental airmail service to be carried out jointly by the Post Office and the Army between New York and Washington D.C, with a midway stop in Philadelphia (Wells and Wensveen, 52). With many war-surplus aircrafts been seen, the Post Office set its places of interest on the transcontinental air service. On May 15, 1919, the first segment was opened between Cleveland and Chicago and the air route was completed on September 8, 1920, when the toughest part of the course, the Rocky Mountains, was covered. By the use of airplanes to deliver mail, the Post Office gained the capabilities of shaving a significant 22hours off coast to coast deliveries of mail (Wells and Wensveen, 54). As different governments met the scope and standards for developing civil air industry when the war was ending, the United States took a maximum operating freedom position. The airline companies in the United States were not hit harder such as the Asian and European airline companies. This first choicefor operating organizations goes on, with limitations, to the present day. As World War I, World War II made the airline industry change a lot. Many airline companies in the Allied nations were even from lease agreements to the military. These airline companies anticipated a future increase demand for civil air transport, for both cargo and passengers

Perspectives Of Strategic Change Management

Perspectives Of Strategic Change Management There is one quote from Heraclitus that people frequently use when talking about business, the only constant is change itself. Change is a key feature to business environment nowadays, the ability to strategically manage change is often perceived as one of the core competencies of flourishing organizations (Burnes, 2004, Okumus and Hemmington, 1998).In the face of globalization, innovation of technology and economic fluctuations (Burnes B. , 2004), new business models and appropriate strategic responses have to be formulated in order to manage uncertainty, variability and ambiguity (Clayton et al., 2005) within the context of what DAveni(1995) called hyper-competition. However, current theories and approaches to change management are massive (Armenakis Bedeian, 1999)and often contradictory, regarding the complexity of change and significant differences in perspectives towards it (Burnes, 2004; By, 2005). Even though, it seems that aconsensushas been reached that internally or externallydriven changes are occurring regardless of shape, form or size (Burnes, 2004; Carnall, 2003; Kotter, 1996; Luecke, 2003),henceinfluence everyorganization in every industry. This articlewill critically review part of the key theories and approaches concerning organizational structure and culture, andtry to apply the frameworks discussedinto a case study to see whether they are consistent with empirical evidences. Diagnosis: Change and Managing Change Definition of Change From the origin of the concept, change is defined by Oxford English Dictionary as the act or instance of making or becoming different. It is often referred to as the movement from a current state toward a future state (George Jones, 1996). In his Management textbook, Robins defines change as an alteration in structure, technology, or people. (1994, p. 381)In this definition, structure refers to alteration in structural variables in terms of complexity, formalization, degree of centralization, etc. Technological aspect of change is related to methods or equipment involved. People, as the third concern in change, looks at theaspect of modification in attitudes, perceptions, values, or behavior (Nagaike, 1997).Taking into account the nature of both strategy and change, strategic change isdescribed as distinctionin organizations alignment with their external environmentin the shape, form, or state over a certain period of timescale(Van de Ven Poole, 1995; Rajagopalan and Spreitze, 1996 ).The alignment here denotes the fundamental pattern of present and planned resource deployments and environmental interactions that indicates how the organization will achieve its objectives(Hofer Schendel , 1978, p. 25). In thestrategic level, Pettigrew (1985)argues that within an organization, changes occurs under different situations, ranging from commercial events,to managerialinsight, options and actions, which indicate a classification both on macro and micro perspective. Managers, see the internal setting of change consists connections with structure, culture, power, and levels of control. The relevant parts of the environment (Schien, 1985)had to be re-evaluated in order to check.Change is a continuous anddistinctivefeature of organizational life, both operationally and strategically (Burnes, 2004).As a result, corporate strategy cannot be taken out fromorganizational change (Rieley Clarkson , 2001). Strategic Change Management The term strategic change management is very popular amongacademic articles together with newspapers and magazines. Joan Magretta and Nan Stone (2002) point out that coping with various changes is one of the most challenging tasks in the management arena. Moreover, comments of influential management gurus such as Peter Drucker who suggest that organizations have to command change, rather than simply reacting to it stimulated much interest in this very topic (1995). Strategic change management is defined as the process of managing the implementation of alteration in organizational strategies,by which an organization achieveseffective changes in objectives, performances, relations, procedures and organisms (Bridges, 1991), gets to its future state and attains its vision for competitive advantage. Via a process characterized as sensegiving (Gioia Chittipeddi), a vision for change is created and then disseminated(Whetten, 1984) to peple whoplay the change agents role to reach the created vision. Everett Rogers (1995) described change agents as figures with one foot in the old world and one in the new creators of a bridge across which others can travel.Strategic change management enables change agents (Weick Quinn, 1999) andother stakeholders of theorganization to access to the effective strategiesand allow for tryouts in redesigning the organization s image and identity (Mintzberg, 1989)and accomplish the new vision. Types of Change How change is perceived varies in related literature: somehas regarded it asexecuted from top-down whileothers bottom-up, some sees it an emergent phenomenon while others think it s planned (Lewin, Field Theory in Social Science, 1951); different scholars have described it as incremental, punctuated and continuous (Burnes B. , 2004) Different kinds of change call for different strategies to successfully effect and make a difference to the way things are done around here which referred to overcoming resistance to implementing organization change. Before getting into the details of managing change, it s helpful to review the types of change in organizations and then start to look at specific approaches toward change. Planned and Emergent Change Sometimes changeis classified as planned,which isrationally embarked upon and directed by organizations (Burnes B. , 2004). The term of planned change was first mentioned by psychologist Kurt Lewin (1947),to describe change as deliberate,and a product of rational thinking and actions (McGreevy, 2008). Planned change may as well be called blueprint, top-down, rational, linear change with the need for focus on revolutionary or transformational change (Hayes, 2010), and also be referred to as episodic change as opposed to continuous change (Weick Quinn, 1999). Strategically speaking, planned change s more termed second-order change, often encompassessubstitution of certain strategy with another as well as a significant survival of crisis and take into account the multiple consequences of any such changes (Buchanan Boddy, 1992)in order to distinguish from the change of doing better in what we already do (Watzlawick et al., 1974). In contrast, change sometimes is quiteunplanned. Thiskind of change is recognized as emergent change, which is ongoing and is an unpredictable process of aligning and realigning to a turbulent environment (Burnes B. , 2004). Emergent change occurs spontaneously, involving gradual process of continuous adjustment, cumulative effortmodifications in work and social context that people improvise and learn in daily basis (Hayes, 2010). Also indicatedas incremental or first order change, emergent change has an importantfeature that concerns the fact that people frequently adjusting and correcting thoughts and knowledge they obtain from internal or externalenvironments, which can accumulate and amplify then create significant changes (Weick Quinn, 1999). As discussed frequently in organizational development literature, which followed the work of Lewin (Cummings Huse , 1989), the difference between planned and emergent change helps clarify the school of thoughtsondevelopment of organizations and developmentof long-term organizationalgoals (Naderi, 2010), which is agreed with the strategic thinking of change management.Instead of being a fixed, coherent, or well-ordered process, organizational change is chaotic or uncontrolled most of the time (Iles Sutherland, 2001), often involving emergent or non-linear elements and the consequences of uncertainty andchance (Dawson, 1996). The term strategic change then, is the explanation of the magnitude of change in structure, culture, recognizing the second order effects of these changes (Pettigrew, 2000). Developmental, transitional and transformational change Change mayas well be viewed from the perspective of frequency and scope (Iles Sutherland, 2001). Ackerman (1997)outlines three types of most frequentchange in organizational literature: developmental,which is change that augments or modifiespresentfacets of an organization, highlighting on the enhancement of skills or processes in order to maintain competitive; transitional,intrusive as it bring about completely new processes or procedures to the organization. Examples of transitional change includes corporate restructuring, merger, acquisitions, new product or service designs, and instigating new technologies; and transformationalchangewhichrequires a fundamental redefinition of the organization and some of its key features including a innovative definition of the business, a different strategic orientation, oandsignificant change in terms of structure, processes, and corporate culture (Dunphy Stace, 1993). Theories in change literature are more concerned with developmental and transitional change, leaving transformational change as a difficult and unsolved when implementation is under consideration. Burnes(2004) has a slightly different classification of change, in the need to consider strategically concerning the internal and external environment, which includes:incremental, with separateorganizational segments responding progressively and independently to one problem or goal at a time; punctuated equilibrium, with evolution through relatively greater span of time of stability punctuated by shorter bursts of revolutionary change; and continuous transformational change, with the organization continuously aligning to their environment which leads to more organized management of strategic change. Cultural Perspective If real change is to occur in organizations, it has to happen at the cultural level. Culture has long been a key factor in organizational change literature. As early as the 1950s, psychologist Jaques wrote about cultural influence in a changing factory for the first time(1952). Though there is no consensus on definition, the shared values and shared patterns of understanding(Schien, 1985)embedded in the meaning of culture are at the core of organizational change.In fact, Schien s definition of culture best represents functionalist school of cultural approaches to change. He defines culture of a group as the collective or shared learning of that unit as it develops its capacity to survive in its external environment and to manage its own internal affairs (1990, p. 58). It is stated by scholars that to create effective and powerful change, organizations and individuals have toface, cultivate or challenge core cultural values, thenparticipants of the organization come up against a overwhelming change in perceptionthusturn to another direction(Dunphy Stace, 1993). Then in this sense, two steps have to be taken when we look at culture in terms of change management. First, the resistance of change from the existing culture, which requires anexplicitcomprehension of the corporate culture. The diagnosis of current culture will determine the second step, which how to change the culture and implement change at a strategic level. Johnson and Scholes: Cultural web The cultural web is a good diagnostic tool for ?looking at corporate culture. (See Figure 1) The paradigm in the center of the web is the set of core beliefs, which maintains the unity of the culture. The petals includedsoft aspects such assymbols, routines, political processes and hard counterparts as structures and control systems. They are theculture sexplicitexpressions of the impact of the paradigm(Johnson Scholes, 1999). Cultural web not only recognize current cultural layouts but alsoable to map future culture required by change. But to be critical, environment and contextual factors are more or less ignored in cultural web framework. Figure 1. Cultural web (Johnson and Scholes, 1992) Structural Perspective Opportunity and Resistance Mintzberg(1989)describes structure in a dynamic form. He points out the environmental influence on organizational structure,plus the mannerof its evolvement. It is proposed that complexity plays animportant role in organization s structure, due to its relationship tothe diversity in the environment and the variety of structures in organizations and the pace of change they are confronting. From the practical perspective,both internal and external structural aspects are accountable for organization change in some way(Miller Friesen, 1982).Guth and Ginsberg point out that industry structure affects opportunities for successful new product development(Guth Ginsberg, 1990), thus leads to the innovation and renewal of the product cycle of an organization. From inside, the structures of organizations vary. How individual and team engage and coordinate within an organization influence the ease or challenge of organizational change. It is argued by scholars that there is no perfect approach of organizing an organization (Mintzberg 1989; Drucker 1999). Situational variables involve the environment, objectives, technology, age and size of the organization. For instance,when organization s size increases, structural explanation and dignifiedmechanisms for planning, decision making, and resource allocationwill become more complex(Quinn Cameron, 1983), therefore, are able togenerate progressively greaterconfrontationand inertia to basic change(Tushman Romanelli, 1985).New markets and competitive pressures from the industry call for constant internal innovation and change of prevailing structural dimensions to enable firms to better achieve their strategicobjectives. Restructuring could be a powerful gear for change, in rearrange the resource within the organization and also give strong signals to both customers and employees that things are changing, thus helps to build a innovative image. But sometimes structural change becomes too obvious a choice, without considering other factors such as culture(Clarke, 1994); it can then be at great cost to time, morale, and also ultimately unproductive. So reorganization is not the one solution to every issue.To make it effective, one should always take into account the context of both formal and informal structures, and the bonding alignment of structure and culture, to enable individuals and organizations to cope with uncertainty, variability and ambiguity. Leavitt et al.: Four Levers of Change The organization change can be driven by various factors such as function, structure, and also value and culture alike. Leavitt et al. (1973)suggest that four levers of change constitute the sub-system in an organization, including: structure, which involves hierarchy, authority, centralization and decentralization; task, which indicates work design, uniformity, different levels ofcorporate needs, sovereignty and option; technology, which consists levels of complexity, extent of employee engagement and obligation; and people, which includes cultural aspects such as values, beliefs, attitudes, motives, etc. Force Field Analysis (Kurt Lewin,) Force field analysis provides a framework for checking structural levers in terms of inertia as well as opportunities.By looking at both sides of the organizational driven forces, Lewin s model helps to examine the barriers and resistance of change, and figure out the main facilitators. Figure 2. Force field analysis Model (Lewin, 1951) As shown in Figure 2, one party is attempting to support change driving forces and the other seeking to hold things back restraining forces. In Lewin s model, organizations are more as a dynamic balance of forces effecting in opposite ways. If change is to occur, the equilibrium has to be broken by the driving forces exceeding the restraining forces. Strategy to Change: Contextual Features and Implementation Options Organizational change is often triggered by outside driving force, so the circumstances that form the setting for change cannot be neglected in understanding and assessing strategic change management. Figure 3. Change Kaleidoscope Model (Balogun Hope Hailey , 2002) A change kaleidoscope model is discussed in regard to diagnosis of the context for change (Balogun Hope Hailey , 2002). The authors presents a framework derived from a kaleidoscope metaphoras shown in Figure3, that encompassesan outer ring which illustrate the key change context featureswhich either facilitate or confine change, as well as an inner ring concerning to options openwhen implementing a change.They carry out an analysis of needs, using judgment on what is most critical, and decide which interventions to implement and the orders to be taken. The design choices consist change start-point, change path, change style, change targetand change roles. It is notcontextual feature s impact on the design choices that matters (Balogun Hope Hailey, 2002), they need to work together in a systematic and consistent way. It is argued that the organization mechanisms such as strategy, structure, and peopleshould be aligned with each other to make an effective organization; in this sense, good strategic alignment is crucial to change (Tichy, 1985). Approaches to Change: Models and Frameworks Lewin: Three-Stage Process of Change Most theories on planned change stem from the three-phase model Lewin (1951)developed in describing how an organization undergoes change as following: * Unfreezing: readiness or willingness to accept change. * Moving: choosing appropriate strategies for change itself. * Refreezing: acceptance and stabilization of new behavior. Figure 4. Three-Stage Process of Change(Lewin, 1951) This social-psychological approach to management is about how people in an organization go about changing. First, the members of the organization have to be convinced of the necessityand demand for change, have a sense of urgency, or else nobody will be willing to move and the management will be the only ones believing in the reorganization. Second, the change has to be carried out. And finally the new situation after the second stepneed to be institutionalized, organizational members, have to embed new behavioral patterns, new working methods, new values and norms, otherwise people will soon return to their old habits prior to the change.Later descriptive models all followed this basic outline in how an organization will change. Kotter: Eight-stage Process of Creating Major Change Based on studies of why organizational change so often fails, Kotter (1996)developed the following conditions for successful change in anorganization. i. Establish a sense of urgency ii. Create the guiding coalition iii. Develop a vision and strategy iv. Communicate the change vision v. Empower employees for broad-based action vi. Generate short-term wins vii. Consolidate gains and produce more change viii. Anchor new approaches in the culture. In textbooks and journal articles on managing change numerous other multi-stage models of change management are presented (Burnes, 2009; Carnall, 2003).All of these models provide organizations with a road map for change; they illustrate what steps the organization must take for change initiatives to be adopted within their organization. Application: A Case Studyof Strategic Change Management Introduction and Background Emirates is one of the biggest international aviation service providers. Not satisfied with just being a successful airline company, it aims to evolve into a globally influential travel and tourism conglomerate. In this case, Emirates plans to open the very first Emirates Hotels and Resorts (EHR).This section first focus on the change context for EHR (which uses part of kaleidoscope framework) and followed by an analysis of the cultural dimensions of change using the cultural web framework. And then identify the implementation of change options by applying the rest of the change kaleidoscope model. Finally, a conclusion and recommendations are provided concerning the change management process at EHR. Context of Change Successfully dealt with the change problem in the beginning of its operation, the context which EHR is in should be firstly illustrated. Launched in 2006, Emirates Hotels and Resorts (EHR) isthe premier hospitality management divisionof Emirates Group. Here EHR is facing the problem of opening its flagship property within a short timescale and incongruous force on its side (Carmazzi, 2008). Time, scope, readiness, diversity and capability are identified as contextual features of particular importance in this case. Figure 5.Context of Change in EHR Resource: by author, adapted from the kaleidoscope model Time. The hotel will be welcoming its first customer in 4 weeks time so everyone is extremely busy and everyone has urgent deadlines ahead to accomplish his or her task. Scope. asks the question of what degree of change is needed. EHR has various choice for managing this change, and since the desired type of service should be cohesive with the Emirates philosophy, so top-down, transformational change is required. Readiness. Apparently, the workforce is not ready to change, employees are performing as individuals, and a cohesive way of working is then needed. Diversity. The people involved are quite diversified, but the different background will bring about conflict in service style as well as working values. Capability. Leader of this change is the administration manager, who has his own routine of work. So consultancy was hired to help manage the change. Organizational Culture As discussed in the literature review, organization s culture concerns the shared values and beliefs within it. The cultural web provides a useful perspective to assess what is happening within the company. Figure 6.The Cultural Webof EHR Before the consultancy started working, EHR was more or less in a mess: everyone was running around to get their own business done. The paradigm of EHR shows that in the situation of only 4 weeks left, there are no recognized vision, and lack of unified identity and cohesive force. Though the top and senior management did create a vision for what should be like in the future, but the power of doing their own task is still held by line managers. For example, spa manager has her distinctive view of what are the priorities from the accommodation manager. The status of work and terminologies used at work varies from group to group, individual to individual. Although managers tried hard to communicate the Emirates philosophy to formulate an exclusive service style, the busy, stressed workforce, trained in absolutely diverse background, whose running towards their own deadlines have low interest of what other people are doing, and are not buying in what is forced upon them. Change Choices The outer ring of the kaleidoscope model has been discussed above as to identify the contextual features of the change environment of EHR. That left us with the inner ring of the model, which provides a menu of design options. When change is under consideration, management, as well as other change agents, can find help within this framework.In order to cope with the change effectively, the approach the consultant agency follows can be summarized using the change choices ring in the model. Change path. The change path can range from adaption, reconstruction, evolution or revolution. In EHR s case, the consultancy think it needs a quick win due to the time limit but still not wise to carry out a major transformational turnaround. Change start-point. To start with, the consultants seek for management commitment to the result from a top-down perspective. Then by identifying real issues and key influencers within the company Change target. The attitude and behavior is the major targets of the change process. By group working and sharing, both middle managers and employees expand their psychological foundations by themselves, which lead to a more voluntary transition in attitude and way of doing things. Change style. The changing process is more of a participation style rather than direction or education, with the effort of the consultancy of bringing management and employees together. Change levers. The driven force of the change is interpersonal rather than technological or political. The concept of ownership and self-leadership is conveyed and ignites change in culture from within. Change roles. It is emphasized that every staff is responsible for the change. The key influencers perform as change agents and share with others, so other employee can relate to their own experience at work. Conclusion and Recommendation The subsystems of organizations shown in the culture web are all to do withthe levers of change. Transformational change requiresthe alignment of considerably softer levers within anorganization as well as the hardcore gears ;it is easier to succeed if paying more attention to subtle mechanisms in regard to people (Balogun Hope Hailey, Exploring Strategic Change, 1999). Here are some recommendations on the change management implication of EHR within a short timescale such as 4 weeks to 3 months. 1. Identification process of both the context and change itself should always be carried out carefully. What is happening in the environment has great influence on the nature and type of change. 2. Alignmentof individual factors of the organization should be examined to check whether a fundamental change is required to assure the change undergoes toward the strategic goals. 3. Interventions requireconscientiouslyplanningin order to eliminate the inertia and barriers to change as shown in the cultural web, to create new subsystems including structures, systems, routines, rituals, symbols, and stories. 4. Seen the weakness of an organization, in order to fix it,support from other sort of leaning such as training is required. Individuals need to go through additionalpreparation and be exposed to extra initiatives before they can accept the vision of organizational change.

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Number of Ours Students Study Per Week A Term Paper Presented to Department of Business Administration College of Business Administration In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for ECO 331: Business Statistics II By Friday April 11, 2003 Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..1 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....2 Methodology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Frequency Distribution†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Descriptive Measures†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 Results†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tables & Figures†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4-5 Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abstract   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Given the data provided by the students from Alabama A&M University and Alabama State University, the following research was conducted. The number of hours students studied per week was gathered by questionnaires from a sample size of 20 students. The objective of this paper is to interpret all of the necessary qualitative and quantitative data and present in accurate mathematical computations and graphics. In order to do this we include all of the necessary analyses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This report will perform the following statistical analyses: Ø  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Summarize the variables under study graphically (frequency distribution, histogram, etc). Ø  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Test the variables under study using descriptive statistics. Ø  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Test of Hypothesis Ø  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For each classified group separately summarize the variable under study using the descriptive measures. Ø  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Compare the descriptive measures of the groups. Ø  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Interpret and draw conclusions from each analysis. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this research paper, two data sets have been taken from a statistical database and have been converted into tables and charts in order to relate the data in simpler form. The first set of variables that was gathered from the database was the number of hours an ASU students study. The database separated all of the information into four different set of number based on the number hours studied per-week. The second set of numbers that were gathered from ... ...;  Ã‚  Ã‚  25 18  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  22 0  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5 4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 7  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5 4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 7  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  8 9  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5 9  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15 22  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  31 30  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28 16  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15 19  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  16 20  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  18 17  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  19 Table - 2. Z-Test: Two Sample for Means z-Test: Two Sample for Means  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ASU  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A&MU Mean  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11.78  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  13.10 Known Variance  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 Observations  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  20  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  20 Hypothesized Mean Difference  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  0  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   z  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  18.7  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   P(Z

Literature and Aspects of the Human Experience Essay

Literature offers a unique view into the human experience. Writers share their ideas about life through language, literary devices, and imagery. The human experience of love is one that every person can relate to. Three examples of literature that share this theme of love are: â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, â€Å"Love Song†, and â€Å"A Doll’s House†. Although some of the stories deal with family and parental love, this paper will focus on the aspect of romantic love. In the story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner romantic love was between Emily and the doomed Homer Barron; the poem â€Å"Love Song† by Joseph Brodsky gives the declarations of a man in love; and finally in the drama â€Å"A Doll’s House† Nora is fighting for the romantic love of her husband Torvald Helmer. Love is a shared theme in these stories, and the literature portrays this human experience in ways that allow the reader to better understand the mystery of romantic love. Romantic Love The story of â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner tells the sad tale of Emily Grierson. The story opens with Emily’s death. Her mortality sets the mood for this story of loss and sorrow. Although Emily has issues with parental and family love in this story the theme of romantic love is one that is truly tragic. Emily is the protagonist of the story. Her desire for love leads her to Homer Barron. Mr. Barron has come to Emily’s southern town to help in paving sidewalks. The ladies of town who still perceive Emily as part of a high society southern family do not believe that Emily could consider Homer Barron, â€Å"of course a Grierson would not think seriously of a Northerner, a day laborer† (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, p. 241, para. 2). Emily does fall in love with Homer. Unfortunately the story leads us to believe that Homer was not seriously interested in Emily. â€Å"Homer himself had remarked – he liked men, and †¦he was not a marrying man† (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, p. 42, para. 1). Emily is found buying poison around this time. Homer Barron disappears. With the close of the story Emily dies. The house is opened and it is revealed that the dead body of Homer Barron is laid out in an upstairs bedroom â€Å"this room decked†¦as for a bridal†¦the man’s toilet things back with tarnished silver†¦the man himself lay in the bed†¦we noticed†¦the second pillow was the indentation of a head†¦a long strand of iron-gray hair† (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, pps. 243 & 244, paras. 8, 1, & 3). Emily had been in love with Homer, but he did not return this love. Emily did not want to lose her love so she killed Homer and kept him with her. â€Å"Love Song† is a poem by Joseph Brodsky that is one man’s declaration of romantic love to a woman. The poem uses multiple metaphors of how much the man loves the woman. The wording reveals that the author has very conflicting views of romantic love which are often conflicting (Shippon, 2006). He offers to save her from drowning, yet then states he would arrest her and keep her imprisoned. Brodsky declares that he would try to make the woman happy when he says â€Å"if you were a bird, I’d cut a record and listen all night long to your high-pitched trill†¦if you were Chinese, I’d learn the language, burn a lot of incense, wear funny clothes, if you were a mirror, I’d storm the Ladies, give you my red lipstick and puff your nose† (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, p. 734). These declarations appear to show how the man would do things to impress the woman. Then Brodsky goes on to refer to love as a duty, obligation, and trap when he writes â€Å"if you were a sheriff, I’d arrest you†¦if I were a sergeant, you’d be my recruit†¦if you were my wife, I’d be your lover because the church is firmly against divorce† (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, p. 734). Brodsky’s ideas of romantic love give readers a picture of how complex love can be. â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Henrik Ibsen gives another sad account of the complexities of romantic love. â€Å"A Doll’s House† is a drama play that centers on the character of Nora Helmer. Nora goes through tremendous change in the course of the play as her ideas about love transform. Nora starts Act 1 as a childish girl trying to please her husband, Torvald; in Act 2 Nora acts out of desperation to save her marriage; then in Act 3 Nora comes to the realization that her husband never truly loved her at all (Bradford, 2012). Nora’s ideas of love are clouded by her relationship with her father. She carries on this relationship with her husband living as a source of entertainment and possession rather than a loving partner. Nora explains this when she says â€Å"I have existed to perform tricks for you, Torvald†¦I have been your doll-wife, just as at home I was papa’s doll-child†¦I thought it great fun when you played with me†¦that is what our marriage has been† (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, p. 838). Ibsen portrays the romantic love between Nora and Torvald as being childish and confused. When the character of Nora realizes that she does not really love Torvald she leaves to find someone who loves her for who she is. The connection between these three examples of literature is the hopes and ideals of romantic love. Romantic love is a human experience that all people desire. Different authors may portray the complexities of love in different ways, but the truth remains that people will do almost anything for love, such as kill the love who threatens to leave them as in â€Å"A Rose for Emily†; fight for love, try to impress someone for love, and do things they do not want to for love as in the poem â€Å"Love Song†; and try to be something that they are not to make the person they love happy as in â€Å"A Doll’s House†. The use of specific literary devices A literary technique or device is any element or the entirety of elements a writer intentionally uses in the structure of their work. An author will use a literary device in short stories, plays, poems, and novels. There are several types of literary devices that can be used such as imagery, symbolism, and descriptive words to build the theme of a story. We will discuss the different literary devices that are used in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulker, â€Å"Love Song† by Joseph Brodsky and â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Henrick Isben. In William Faulker’s short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily, a series of literary devices were used to create the theme of the story, which was about Emily searching for love and acceptance. Faulker used foreshadowing throughout the story. He stated in the first line of the story â€Å"when Emily died, our whole town went to her funeral; he explains that the men go out of respect and the women go out of curiosity† (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, p. 241). Symbolism was also used throughout the story and was a main factor in getting the reader to understand the theme of the short story. The title â€Å"A Rose for Emily’ is an example of the symbolism used. The rose represents the absence of love that Emily feels. Also, one of the most effective elements that the author used in his development of the theme is the use of imagery. He portrays Homer Barron and Emily’s father as sort of villains who are preventing love. A reader can also see the symbolism used in â€Å"Love Song† by Joseph Brodsky. Brodsky describes multiple metaphors within the poem declaring that he would do anything for his love. He uses descriptive words, such as â€Å"If you were Chinese, I’d learn the languages, burn a lot of incense, wear funny clothes† and â€Å"If you loved volcanoes, I’d be lava relentlessly erupting from my hidden source† (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, p. 734). These descriptive words were used to express to the reader the way that Brodsky felt about this girl who he was in love with. In â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Henrick Isben the use of animal imagery are used mainly over the other literary devices. The animal imagery was used in the description of the main character in the play, Nora. This allows the reader to form a development of the character Nora. Isben uses words in the conversations between Nora and her Torvald. Torvald states in the beginning of the play â€Å"Is it my little lark tweeting out here? †(Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, p. 838). This tells the reader that Torvald considers Nora a possession, instead of an equal. Torvald also refers to Nora as a squirrel on different occasions, to indicate that Nora is sneaky or negative. The use of the animal imagery helps to build the characters of Nora and Torvald and the relationship of husband and wife. Symbolism was also used in this play. The symbol of the Christmas tree was used in the play in order to help set up the theme that everything may seem perfect, but as the play comes to an end, Nora breaks away from her marriage to go find herself.

Italian Quotation Marks (Fra Virgolette) Types and Uses

Italian Quotation Marks (Fra Virgolette) Types and Uses Italian quotation marks (le virgolette) are sometimes treated as an afterthought in the classroom and in textbooks, but to English-speaking natives reading Italian newspapers, magazines, or books, its obvious there are differences in both the symbols themselves and how they’re used. In Italian, quotation marks are used to give a word or phrase a particular emphasis, and they’re also used to indicate citations and direct discourse (discorso diretto). In addition, quotation marks are used in Italian to point out jargon and dialect as well as to denote technical and foreign phrases. Types of Italian Quotation Marks Caporali ( «  »): These arrow-like punctuation marks are the traditional Italian quotation mark glyphs (in fact, theyre also used in other languages, including Albanian, French, Greek, Norwegian, , and Vietnamese). Typographically speaking, the line segments are referred to as guillemets, a diminutive of the French name Guillaume (whose equivalent in English is William), after the French printer and punchcutter Guillaume le Bà © (1525–1598).  «  » are the standard, primary form for marking up quotations, and in older textbooks, manuscripts, newspapers, and other printed material, are usually the only type encountered. The use of caporali ( «  ») begin to diminish with the advent of desktop publishing in the 80s, since a number of font sets did not make those characters available. The newspaper Corriere della Sera (to point out just one example), as a matter of typographical style, continues to use caporali, both in the printed version and online. For instance, in an article about the high-speed train service between Milano and Bologna, there is this statement, using angled quotation marks, from the president of the Lombardia region:  «Le cose non hanno funzionato come dovevano ». Doppi apici (or alte doppie) ( ): Nowadays these symbols frequently replace the traditional Italian quotation marks. For example, the newspaper La Repubblica, in an article regarding the possible merger of Alitalia with Air France-KLM, featured this direct quote: Non abbiamo presentato alcuna offerta ma non siamo fuori dalla competizione. Singoli apici (or alte semplici) ( ): In Italian, single quotation marks are typically used for a quotation enclosed inside another quotation (so-called nested quotations). Theyre also used to indicate words used ironically or with some reservation. An example from an Italian-English translation discussion board: Giuseppe ha scritto:  «Il termine inglese free ha un doppio significato e corrisponde sia allitaliano libero che gratuito. Questo puà ² generare ambiguit ». Typing Italian Quotation Marks To type  « and  » on computers: For Windows users, type  « by holding Alt 0171 and  » by holding Alt 0187. For Macintosh users, type  « as Option-Backslash and  » as Option-Shift-Backslash. (This applies to all English-language keyboard layouts supplied with the operating system, e.g. Australian, British, Canadian, U.S., and U.S. Extended. Other language layouts may differ. The backslash is this key: \) As a shortcut, caporali can easily be replicated with the double inequality characters or (but which typographically speaking, though, are not the same). Usage of Italian Quotation Marks Unlike in English, punctuation such as commas and periods are placed outside the quote marks when writing in Italian. For example:  «Leggo questa rivista da molto tempo ». This style holds true even when doppi apici are used instead of caporali: Leggo questa rivista da molto tempo. The same sentence in English, though, is written: Ive been reading this magazine for a long time. Given that certain publications use caporali, and others use doppi apici, how does one decide which Italian quotation marks to use, and when? Provided that the general usage rules are adhered to (using double quotation marks to signal direct discourse or point out jargon, for example, and single quotation marks in nested quotations), the only guidelines are to adhere to a consistent style throughout a text. Personal preference, corporate style, (or even character support) may dictate whether  «  » or are used, but there is no difference, grammatically speaking. Just remember to quote accurately!

The Platonic and Aristotelian Conception of the Soul

The Platonic and Aristotelian Conception of the Soul The concept of the soul has long been open to many interpretations. The meaning of Soul in modern times differ significantly from its meaning many years ago. Two great philosophers Plato and his pupil Aristotle offer interesting insights into the idea of the soul in ancient Greek times. Although both philosophers existed in the same time period, both offered different perspectives towards the definition and the functions of the soul. Many areas of their theories are quite similar in theme, however, Aristotle seemed to have adjusted or perhaps refined many of the Platonic theories on the soul. Themes such as immortality, functionality, and knowledge are all present in both philosophical works but each philosopher offers a different perspective. Plato's conception of the soul is an integral part of works, The Republic, and Phaedo. The microcosm and macrocosm analogies between an individual and the state are evident throughout the books of The Republic.PLATO_June_29_2005Plato examines t he theory on the soul and the interrelations between the soul and justness. In his other dialogue Phaedo, Plato examines the immortality of the soul and its relationship with the body. Aristotle's book On The Soul examines many of the topics addressed by Plato and offers new insights and opposing theories on Plato's conception of the soul. One may perhaps view Aristotle's work as a progression or refinement of his teachers work. The theory of the soul is an ageless matter and many of the best thinkers have speculated on its identity, property, and functionality. Plato and Aristotle, two of the great thinkers of their time have attempted to address this issue and have definitely affected the way future scholars view the matters of the soul.Plato shares his idea and conception of the soul in his dialogues The Republic and...

Erich von Daniken claims that Egyptians did not have the technology or Term Paper

Erich von Daniken claims that Egyptians did not have the technology or manpower to build the great pyramids of Egypt. Is this an - Term Paper Example 1) Arguments in Support Erich von Daniken hypothesized that the monuments left behind by ancient civilizations show a level of technology and cultural and political organization of which those cultures were not by themselves capable of. He concluded that in these monuments, we can see the signs of extraterrestrial influence, with ancient astronauts making contact with these people, and being welcomed by them as divinities. He sees the physical presence of such unique artifacts as the pyramids of Egypt, the major stone circles of northern Europe, and the Maoi of Easter Island, as firm evidence for such theories. He even sees some patterns and signs on the world’s surface as evidence of runways and landing strips. Furthermore, von Daniken claims that we can see the enduring influence of these other worldly visitors in the artwork and customs of these peoples. For example, he suggested in more than one book that the practice of mummification in Egypt was developed so that the bod ies of notables could be preserved, awaiting resurrection by the extraterrestrial visitors when they next came to call. Likewise, he saw in ancient Egyptian visual representations some sign of these visitors being immortalized in the local pantheon. Von Daniken, on looking over the immense achievement represented by the Great Pyramid of Khufu at Giza, could not believe that the Egyptians, with the primitive technologies of the time, would have been capable of moving the huge blocks of stone into place. He wrote of the ‘heave-ho’ proposed by ‘people with lively imaginations’ (1971: 114) and stated his belief that some technology not indigenous to Egypt must have been used, choosing to entitle his chapter on the subject, ‘Ancient Marvels or Space Travel Centres?’. Furthermore, given that von Daniken believed that each of the large blocks of masonry weighed a staggering 12 tons, he could not conceive that any method known to the Egyptians of the t ime would have been sufficient to move them up into the air and then place them atop each other (1971: 101). As he looked around the local environment, with the desert on one side and the alluvial flood plain of the Nile on the other, von Daniken was struck by the scarce presence of wood in the region, and the large quantities of wood that would have been needed in building the pyramids. He stated that the palms that did exist in the area were much too valuable to fell because of their importance in providing shade, and dates for nutrition. Therefore, having established that large quantities of wood would have needed to be imported from abroad in order to build these structures, von Daniken believed that Egypt at the time of the pyramids had not sufficient tonnage of shipping to bring in the required quantities. He therefore saw the hand of an external power with more advanced technologies in completing the pyramids. Von Daniken also found what he considered to be some intriguing ma thematical aspects to the construction of the Great Pyramid. He asked, for example, ‘Is it really a coincidence that the height of the Pyramid of Cheops [Khufu] multiplied by 1,000 million corresponds approximately to the distance between the earth and the sun? That is to say, 93 million miles’ (1971: 99). Such arguments are interesting, but we will consider below the arbitrary nature of such arguments, which make it

Commen acssement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Commen acssement - Essay Example To begin with, there is the language barrier factor. Different countries communicate through different languages throughout the whole world. This could be a massive hindrance to the scope of business especially when the businesses are to serve the foreigners (Brush, 2013). Apparently, when a business is established in a country, its ostensible purpose is to serve the local population. Therefore, the investor should be well versed in the language of communication. This will ensure perfect communication as the entrepreneur will have perfect conversations with the local population. Consequentially, when the entrepreneur does not have experience in the language, it will be a hurdle to steer the business. As a fact, communication in business is the ultimate factor that will affect making contracts and closing sales. Secondly, before initiating a business in a different country, an entrepreneur has to consider the political climate. For a business to sprout there is need for a peaceful pol itical environment. This will ensure people have free access to the markets to make purchases. As such, the business will have constant demand for the products and services. However, this is disrupted when there is political tension. People will find it difficult to access the markets for products and services (Brush, 2013). This could lead a business into unforeseen losses, as it will be making meagre sales. Similarly, an entrepreneur has to consider property rights in a country. Some countries have stringent rules and regulations on foreigners in concerns to property rights. Some countries deny foreigners full ownership rights to property. This could be a blow to the investors, as they will have difficulty when they want to use some of their assets in some instances. For example, when the foreigners do not have full ownership rights, they are unable to use such assets as collateral for a loan. Previously, entrepreneurs have not been vigilant and categorical on the economic situati on of a country. However, when investing in a foreign country, it is prudent to consider the economic situation of a country. For example, a country that has a low debt-to-GDP ratio will be prudent (Brush, 2013). Similarly, an entrepreneur has to consider a country that has low and declining unemployment rate. The employed people will be an increasing demand market for the products. In addition to this, an entrepreneur has to consider a country that record high rates of consumer spending. As a fact, some entrepreneurs also consider countries that record increasing incomes with lowering inflation rates. This is a positive sign that the business will make commendable progress after its establishment. Consequently, a country that records an increase in the middle class also proves a perfect prospect for a business. When establishing a business in a foreign country, an investor needs to focus on the exchange rate. Some countries have the best exchange rates, which is a positive sign to a business. However, some countries are marred with the worst exchange rates in the world. This could be a negative sign to a business. For example, when some assets are introduced into the country, their value decreases instantaneously. On the other hand, the value of some assets will increase when they are transported into a country with a favourable exchange rate. This could affect the business in one way or another. Similarly, an entrepreneur has to focus on the economic development of the country (Brush, 2013). Countries

Reverse Logistics Operations in the Ford Motor Co Research Paper

Reverse Logistics Operations in the Ford Motor Co - Research Paper Example Ford has always been credited with the manufacturing invention. Scone its founding in the late 19th century, the firms has been in the forefront of defining mass production. The founder of Ford, Henry Ford is credited to have been the inventor of the assembly line. With its over a hundred years in manufacturing automobiles and auto parts, Ford has come to know the importance of having a smooth supply chain and the logistics that goes into sustaining this supply chain. It is not just its supply chain; it is also about its reverse logistics which refers to the products or parts travelling backwards from the normal direction of the supply chain to the manufacturer. Reverse logistics has a impact on a business. For instance, some finished products may reach the market but have a default, the reverse logistics that are required to return these products to the factory for the correction of the fault are always important. Ford realizes that there is a need to carefully and efficiently manage these reverse logistics. No matter what, the reverse logistics associated with the return of faulty products are an expense to any firms (Davis, 2012). Automobile manufacturers stand to incur an even bigger loss with such reverse logistics. Many auto manufacturers have in the past found themselves in the situation where they need to reverse the logistics for a large number of logistics. For instance, the Japanese auto manufacturer has in the past needed to recall millions of cars after they have reached the market and a major fault is detected. For instance, there has been one of the cars from Toyota that had a fault with its acceleration and the fault had to be corrected back at their factories. Such reverse logistics cost the firm a lot of millions. Ford realizes that such reverse logistics need to be managed in a serious way and should not be treated as a secondary logistics. They realize that

Truman Capote Essay Example for Free

Truman Capote Essay Capote, the 2005 movie directed by Bennett Miller, starring Philip Seymour Hoffman, Catherine Keener, Clifton Collins, Jr., Chris Cooper and Bruce Greenwood, is the story of the making of Truman Capote’s 1966 non-fiction novel, In Cold Blood. Hoffman, playing Capote as a fish-out-of-water, a mincing homosexual researching his opus in a small Kansas town in 1959, shares screen time with Keener’s Harper Lee, a childhood friend of the author. The true story of how Capote researched his book is not as compelling as the story he actually wrote. Keener, playing Harper Lee, the author of To Kill a Mockingbird makes a more interesting figure and the viewer sometimes wonders why the movie isn’t about her and the making of her own opus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Keener, as Lee, is the key to Capote being able to access the rural people of the little Kansas town. They are amused by, and wary of the little man with the lisp and extravagant dress. It is she who opens the doors for him and permits the work to be researched. Hoffman, as Capote, is technically on the mark, but his portrayal is still that of a hollow man. The audience is supposed to feel empathy for this tragic individual but there is little compassionate or passionate about him. The tragedy of the story is, in reality, the Kansas farm family who was slaughtered like animals by the socio-paths who will be exploited by Capote. The audience is supposed to care that the soulless sophisticated and dapper homosexual is attracted to the cold-blooded killer, and, most likely, is in love with him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The film is bleak and also runs out of steam by midpoint. The acting is good but the subject is borderline disgusting. Capote exploited the community and the slain family.   The film version of the actual Capote work, In Cold Blood, is a much better movie.

Risks and Benefits of Estrogen plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal

For reasons both practical and political, women’s health has long been neglected as a field of study. This study by the Women’s Health Initiative is the largest investigation of a pertinent women’s issue ever, with 161,809 post-menopausal women enrolled from 1993 to 1998. Designed in the early part of the 1990s, this study consisted several trials, among them low-fat dietary patterns, calcium and vitamin D supplement use, and hormone replacement therapy. The hormone replacement trial experienced such surprising and unpredicted results that the entire trial was stopped early. It was hypothesized that giving post-menopausal women a combination of estrogen and progesterone would prevent coronary heart disease. Thus, a coronary heart disease event such as a heart attack was considered the primary outcome, or stopping point. Intermediate markers were determined to be invasive breast cancer, stroke, pulmonary embolism, endometrial cancer, colorectal cancer, or hip fracture. Hormone replacement therapy has long been an accepted form of treatment for women with age-related diseases like osteoporosis. Thus, when the WHI realized that the women taking estrogen plus progesterone were experiencing 29% more coronary heart disease events (i.e. heart attacks), 41% more strokes, and 26% more breast cancer than those who were receiving the placebo, the study was terminated. While the group of women receiving hormones also experience 37% less colorectal cancer and lower hip fracture rates, it was determined that allowing the trial to run to its finish would not be beneficial overall and would in fact cause increasing harm for stroke, coronary heart disease, and breast cancer. Below is a list of things that were inv... ...nodes; or the cancer has spread to lymph nodes near the breastbone or to other tissues near the breast Stage IV – metastatic breast cancer where the cancer has spread outside the breast to other organs in the body Hormonal Treatments of Breast Cancer Pathologists examine the cancers in the breast for estrogen or progestin. If there are signs of either the patient may be eligible for certain drugs containing special hormones. There are also very uncommon side effects like blood clots, strokes, or uterine cancer that may scare patients from choosing to take it. Venous Thromboembolic Disease A clotting of the blood in the blood vessel associated with deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Other Cancers Endometrial- cancer that originates in the endometrial lining of the uterus Colorectal- cancer of the colon or rectum